Advances in LDPE Nanocomposites for Photodegradation: Strategies, Mechanism and Applications

Plastic waste generated from the widespread use of low-density polyethylene (LDPE) has raised significant environmental concerns due to its slow degradation. This review article explores the progress in LDPE nanocomposites for photodegradation, emphasizing strategies, mechanisms, and applications. Incorporating inorganic nanoparticles like titanium dioxide (TiO₂), zinc oxide (ZnO), and iron oxide (Fe₂O₃) into LDPE has been examined to enhance its properties and biodegradability. These nanoparticles strengthen LDPE's mechanical, thermal, and barrier characteristics, thereby improving its overall performance. Various techniques have been employed to optimize the concentration and size of nanoparticles to attain the desired properties. Photodegradation, employing sunlight to break down LDPE into smaller fragments, has effectively decomposed plastic waste and reduced its environmental impact. Artificial UV light sources and additives like sensitizers and biological agents such as enzymes and microorganisms can enhance photodegradation. The incorporation of inorganic nanoparticles in LDPE significantly improves its properties and biodegradability. Research into LDPE nanocomposites for their degradation under sunlight shows potential in addressing the environmental challenges caused by plastic waste. This advancement opens the door to a wide range of applications for LDPE nanocomposites, offering a sustainable alternative to traditional plastics.